Consumer Lifestyle in Singapore - 35714 Words

CONSUMER LIFESTYLES IN SINGAPORE Euromonitor International December 2012 CONSUMER LIFESTYLES IN SINGAPORE Passport I LIST OF CONTENTS AND TABLES Consumer Habits in Context......................................................................................................... 1 Current Behaviour Within the Broader Economic Climate ........................................................ 1 Consumer Confidence .............................................................................................................. 2 Misery Index ............................................................................................................................. 2 Chart 1 Misery Index 2007-2012†¦show more content†¦23 Attitudes Towards Drinking ..................................................................................................... 23 Drinking Inside the Home ....................................................................................................... 24 Drinking Outside the Home ..................................................................................................... 25 Chart 9 Chart 10 P er Capita Consumption of Alcoholic Drinks and Soft Drinks by Category 2011............................................................................................ 25 Regional Ranking of Alcoholic Drinks Consumption: Off-trade vs Ontrade 2011 .................................................................................................. 26 Grooming Habits ........................................................................................................................ 27 Attitudes Towards Personal Care ........................................................................................... 27 Attitudes Towards Beauty ....................................................................................................... 28 Male Grooming ....................................................................................................................... 29  © Euromonitor International CONSUMER LIFESTYLES IN SINGAPORE Passport II Use of Hair Care Salons, Spas, Nail and Beauty ParloursShow MoreRelatedWhy Singapore Attracts Foreign Entrepreneurs and Firms720 Words   |  3 PagesWhy Singapore Attracts Foreign Entrepreneurs and Firms? Singapore’s quality lifestyle fascinates the world. Its unbelievable evolution as world’s leading business and finance hub persuaded Jim Rogers, an American-born businessman and Wall Street giant, to move to Singapore in 2007. This country is now best known for living peacefully with cultural diversity, offering a safe living environment to its residents, tax facilities, a world class business community and a very stable lifestyle. Read MoreKraft Food Inc1572 Words   |  7 Pagesrecords with the launch of different new products designed to meet the ever-changing needs of the consumer. Vision, Mission and Goals Vision Kraft’s company vision is to lend a helping hand to the people around them to have a better life and a healthy life-style. Kraft’s vision is to meet consumers needs and making food enjoyable and healthier. Kraft strives to deliver the message to their consumers that they value the importance of health and wellness and to provide the best and to deliver theRead MoreKraft Food Inc Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesrecords with the launch of different new products designed to meet the ever-changing needs of the consumer. Vision, Mission and Goals Vision Kraft’s company vision is to lend a helping hand to the people around them to have a better life and a healthy life-style. Kraft’s vision is to meet consumers needs and making food enjoyable and healthier. Kraft strives to deliver the message to their consumers that they value the importance of health and wellness and to provide the best and to deliverRead MoreMarket Segmentation1002 Words   |  5 PagesBrown, Adam, and Armstrong, 2007). Singapore Airlines (SIA) has used traditional approach adopted by legacy carriers for segmentation. SIA focuses on business travelers and the price sensitive leisure travelers. The business paradigm of SIA has clearly differentiated these two segments by catering to their heterogonous need. In order to penetrate their existing market and expand their revenue base they are also focusing on additional segment based on consumer loyalty. The increasing revenue of SIARead MoreHow Social Class Can Influence the Buying Behavioural Pattern of Consumers748 Words   |  3 Pagessocial class. Social class influence can be used as a basis for segmenting markets, and may reflect the aspirations of consumers. (Schiffman, L., Bednall, D, O’Cass, A., Paladino, A., Ward, S. Kanuk, L., 2008) Members within a social class share similar values, interests and behaviours. This is important because they tend to share the same purchasing and consumption patterns. Singapore social class is ranked in hierarchy ranging from low to high status, that is, upper, middle and lower classes. ItRead MoreSingapore : A Small City State1655 Words   |  7 Pages Singapore is a small city-state in Southeast Asia that has rich history because during the ages European, Malay, Indian and Chinese cultures have combined together by creating cultural diversity of this city. Cultural diversity is key factor that reveals the exclusivity of Singapore by attracting visitors and investments into city-state. Surprisingly, rapid economic grow of Singapore is greatly marvelous as it has been independent state of Britain since 1965. Since independence has been gotten theRead MoreIdentifying Opportunities for Achieving a Competitive Advantage in Singapore Today767 Words   |  3 PagesCompetitive Advantage in Singapore Today Introduction Today, Singapore enjoys a thriving free market economy and represents an important financial center for Southeast Asia. In this environment, it is not surprising that dozens of new businesses are opening each week in Singapore to take advantage of these boom economic times, including Western operations such as Starbucks and McDonalds, which offer fast service and a known quality. As the shop owner of a cafe in a quiet part of Singapore that serves a rangeRead MoreBreadtalk Swot Analysis857 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest of consumers as it constantly develops products reflecting contemporary lifestyle and current events. As part of Breadtalks unique concept, the layout of retail outlets are designed such that customers have a clear view of bakery items on display. The outlets open concept design also allows customers and shoppers to view the chefs and bakers at work. The design of retail outlets also gives customers a warm and friendly atmosphere. BreadTalk has become a distinctive Singapore brand thatRead MoreSingapore Starbucks Marketing1414 Words   |  6 Pageseducate the consumers about fine coffees. Starbucks began to expand when Howard Schults took it over in 1987. Since then, Starbucks grew from a small, regional business into the undisputed leader in the specialty coffee industry, and privileged to connect with millions of customer every day with 18,000 retail in 60 countries 2. STARBUCKS MACRO ENVIRONMENTAL MICRO ENVIRONMENTAL FORCES 2.1 Starbucks macro environmental force (Cultural factor) 2.1.1 Singapore community structure Singapore is knownRead MoreMarketing Mix and Petrol Retail Outlet1542 Words   |  7 Pagesof December 2010, there were 207 petrol stations in Singapore. These stations are owned and operated by four major players in the petroleum retail industry. They are; Shell Eastern Petroleum Pte. Ltd (Shell), ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd (Esso), Chevron Corporation (Caltex) and Singapore Petroleum Company (SPC). In this essay, we’ll be looking at how these four players apply the Marketing Mix in running their petrol stations across Singapore. Marketing Mix is defined as â€Å"A combination of the

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 958 Words

What is a reputation? Is it something you earn or is it something you are just handed? The dictionary describes it as a favorable repute; good name. One could conclude that one is given a reputation based on certain actions or characteristics. Also valid for argument is the importance of having a good or bad reputation. Having a good reputation can be for the sake of having others view you as a good person and someone that they can rely on. On the other hand, a person with a bad reputation would be treated with little respect and not taken very seriously. All of these factors based on what society chooses to name you as, a person with a good reputation or someone with a bad reputation. The birth of a reputation is created by society and it alone. If having a reputation were all up to one’s self we would all have superb reputations. The Crucible by Arthur Miller focuses on upkeeping a good reputation and showing the importance of having a good clean name. First, having a good r eputation as seen in The Crucible is almost key to have. Many of the accused in the play could’ve very well been saved if they had the power and authority that a good name gives you. For example in the play John Proctor is known for his good name and reputation, and that can be seen from this quote â€Å"John Proctor, I ve seen your power† (Judge Danforth, Act 3) John Proctor has a sort of power over those who know of his reputation and how good of a man they think he is. Later on in the play it isShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experiencesRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with thre e types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be the

Project Scope free essay sample

White Paper Collection Defining the Scope of a Project Neville Turbit Scope v Time Cost When people talk about scope, they immediately think time and cost. Time and cost are outputs of scope. Determining scope is a different exercise. In the context of this white paper, when we talk about defining the scope, we are talking about developing a common understanding as to what is included in, or excluded from, a project. We are not talking about deciding how long it will take, or how much it will cost. That comes after the scope is defined. If we were looking for a car, we would first define the scope. For example we want a 4-cylinder front wheel drive with seating for 2 adults and 2 children, and less than 2 years old. Maybe you also want it to be a red convertible. Having defined the scope, you can calculate cost and time. How much you will have to spend and how long you will take to buy it. If you get the scope wrong, the time and cost will be wrong. Why is Scope important? Anyone who has ever done a project will have tales of how scope changes caused grief. Scope is bound to change, and this is to be expected. As the detail becomes clearer, more complications creep in. These are not foreseeable at the start and hopefully we build in a contingency for what we cannot see. The scope changes that usually cause problems are those where the perception of what was in and out of scope was different between various parties. The Project Manager assumed there would only be four or five reports, and the business assumed ten to twenty. Nobody felt it was worth talking about because they assumed the other person thought the same way they did. How scope is usually defined Scope definitions often account for a paragraph or two in a Business Case or Project Charter. Often, they are qualitative and/or focus on general statements. We will improve service by providing an information system to respond to customer inquiries. Is it a real time system? Is it all screen-based? What reports can be produced? Where does the information come from? What manipulation is required for the data? Is all the data compatible? Do you want to generate standard letters? How many letters? How customisable are the letters? Do you want to store the questions? Do you want to store the answers? Etc. etc. etc. Define the Outcome We will cover several different ways to successfully define scope. All should start with an agreement on the outcome. The outcome is the change that will occur when the project is complete. Examples are: The Project Perfect White Paper Collection †¢ †¢ We will be able to answer customer queries regarding statements over the phone. All licensing details will be accessible on-line and we will be able to identify when they are due. Assumptions In order to define the scope, there will be assumptions that need to be made. There is no point in waiting until everything is clear to define scope. By that time, the project will probably be finished. Each of these assumptions should be documented and followed up at a later date to validate the scope. If the assumption is false, it may have an impact on the scope. Which way to define Scope? There are numerous ways to define. Ideally several ways should be used. Each looks at the situation from a different perspective and will elicit different information. We look at three main ways in this paper. They are: †¢ †¢ †¢ Define Deliverables Define Functionality and Data Define Technical Structure Define Deliverables One method to focus people on the scope, is to define the internal and external deliverables. External deliverables are things the project delivers to the users eg screens and reports. Users typically think of a system in these terms. It also includes any hardware or software required by the users or the project team. Internal deliverables are things the project generates internally eg Project Charter, Business Requirement Specification etc. †¢ It is like ly that the users will not be absolutely clear on all the deliverables. In this situation you can make generic assumptions. For example, you might not know exactly what reports are required but you allow for 12 unspecified reports. Once the external deliverables are defined, the Project Manager can define the internal deliverables. Example External Deliverables: Name License Detail Screen. Company Summary Screen License Due Report 5 Reports Server Etc. Description Screen to enter and view license details Screen to view all licenses issued by a particular company. Facility to drill down to License Detail Screen. Report listing all licenses due in the next period. Facility to select a period eg 1 week, 4 weeks, quarter Allow for 5 unspecified reports Server to run the application 7/06/05 www. projectperfect. com. au Page 2 of 7 The Project Perfect White Paper Collection Example Internal Deliverables Name Project Charter Business Requirement Specification Weekly Reports Prototypes x 3 Etc. Description Document identifying how the project will be managed Document identifying the requirements for the project Status reports to be issued weekly Three prototypes will be allowed for in the development. Define the Functi onality Another technique is to define the functionality. This should not be either a long or detailed process. Typically, depending on project size, the exercise can be completed in a one hour to half-day workshop. A good technique is to use a functional decomposition. If using a spreadsheet and a projector, a scribe can create the scope as it is discussed. Remember to start all functionality with a verb. It is useful to do the functional decomposition in conjunction with a data definition. If this is not possible, once the scope is discussed, it will become reasonably clear what data is required. The Project Manager can determine if there are any situations that need to be clarified with the users, and finalise the scope definition. If for example, in defining the functionality it becomes evident that considerable information will need to be transferred from a legacy system, which is known to be inaccurate, data cleansing can be factored into the scope. Example Functional Decomposition 1. 0 Capture License details 1. 1 Set up companies 1. 2 Set up products 1. 3 Create licenses 1. 4 Modify licenses 1. 5 Delete licenses 2. 0 Generate payments 2. 1 Create payment report 2. 2 Authorise payments 2. 3 Notify accounts Etc. It can also be defined as a diagram: 27/06/05 www. projectperfect. com. au Page 3 of 7 The Project Perfect White Paper Collection Customer Management Add Customer Delete Customer Modify Customer Inquire on Customer Defining the Data This approach is similar to functionality, and should be used in conjunction with functionality. The process is likely to capture what users expect to see in a system. The intention is not to make the business users, data modelers. The intention is to get the business users to verbalize their requirements for information in a structured manner. Ask the users what are the people, places and thing they want to keep track of. In this case, the focus is on nouns. This approach will not capture data that may be required to technically make the system work. For example, it will not capture things like transaction log files, archive files, SQL script files etc. Post workshop, the Project Manager will need to sit with a data modeler to sort out what else is required. The hardest part is to stop doing a data model. Keep the focus on where the data is to come from, and identify what is new, where the interfaces are likely to be, is existing data suitable, is the data currently captured etc. Data Definition Example Name Companies Licenses Description Details of the company including address, overseas offices, and up to ten contacts Licenses for all software and hardware used in the organisation. Include contracts, correspondence, quotes and any other related documents. Does not include manuals Dates the license is due for renewal and the cost of the renewal. Renewal dates Etc. Technical Structure Definition This technique can be useful in defining scope where the project is focused on infrastructure. It can also be useful in a situation where an existing system is being modified. The output can be either a table, or a diagram. A table might just list the components to be modified and the modification. The structure diagram might identify the whole system and highlight which components are being modified and 27/06/05 www. projectperfect. com. au Page 4 of 7 The Project Perfect White Paper Collection how they are being modified. It may also be appropriate to indicate the purpose of each component, however it will probably be vague at this stage of development. Example: The ‘outputs HTML’ module takes information retrieved from the database and inserts it into an . asp document for output to the server. It also updates a transaction log with the database information and time of the output. If an error occurs in retrieving data from the database, an error log is updated and an error page sent to the server. Example Technical Structure Table Component Subsystem1 Subsystem2 Etc. Example Technical Structure Diagram 32-Port Patch Panel Description Handles all customer processing and interfaces to CMS (Customer Management System).

Negative Feedback free essay sample

Negative feedback is the process by which the outputs tend to reduce the inputs, which causes the system to stabilize. It is found in many functions that organisms carry out on a daily basis, most notably homeostasis. Negative feedback can be seen during the menstrual cycle, during days 5-10 oestrogen levels slowly rise, this increase causes the release of the hormones FSH and LH to be inhibited. Also in low concentrations progesterone has a negative feedback effect on FSH, this means that more follicles cant be stimulated during the second half of the cycle. Moreover, once levels of progesterone are high, it inhibits the production of the hormone LH, meaning the corpus luteum is no longer stimulated to make progesterone, so it could be said that progesterone effectively turns itself off unless pregnancy occurs. Negative feedback can also be witnessed in childhood growth, the pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone, which is used to create the materials necessary to grow. We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Feedback or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The amount of TSH produced is controlled by negative feedback. Homeostasis, or the maintenance of a constant internal environment is also mainly controlled by negative feedback. For example, thermoregulation works because if the temperature falls below normal the body will initiate a response such as shivering, however as the temperature returns to normal the corrective mechanism will be reduced. Similarily negative feedback also controls Osmoregulation, if osmoreceptors detect change in the concentration of the blood, for example it may be too high the hormone ADH is released which targets the distal convulated tubule, causing it to become more permeable to water so that more is reabsorbed into the blood, reducing the concentration. Negative feedback is also a crucial part of controlling blood glucose levels, for example if the islets of Langerhans detect a fall in blood glucose levels, the alpha cells release glucagon, which in turn activates the conversion of glycogen to glucose within cells so it can be released in to the blood. As the levels of glucose in the blood increase the amount of glucagon released will decrease until it reaches normal. Negative feedback is an essential process that helps regulate many of the processes that enable us to live. Negative Feedback free essay sample Negative feedback is the process by which the outputs tend to reduce the inputs, which causes the system to stabilize. It is found in many functions that organisms carry out on a daily basis, most notably homeostasis. Negative feedback can be seen during the menstrual cycle, during days 5-10 oestrogen levels slowly rise, this increase causes the release of the hormones FSH and LH to be inhibited. Also in low concentrations progesterone has a negative feedback effect on FSH, this means that more follicles cant be stimulated during the second half of the cycle. Moreover, once levels of progesterone are high, it inhibits the production of the hormone LH, meaning the corpus luteum is no longer stimulated to make progesterone, so it could be said that progesterone effectively turns itself off unless pregnancy occurs. Negative feedback can also be witnessed in childhood growth, the pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone, which is used to create the materials necessary to grow. We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Feedback or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The amount of TSH produced is controlled by negative feedback. Homeostasis, or the maintenance of a constant internal environment is also mainly controlled by negative feedback. For example, thermoregulation works because if the temperature falls below normal the body will initiate a response such as shivering, however as the temperature returns to normal the corrective mechanism will be reduced. Similarily negative feedback also controls Osmoregulation, if osmoreceptors detect change in the concentration of the blood, for example it may be too high the hormone ADH is released which targets the distal convulated tubule, causing it to become more permeable to water so that more is reabsorbed into the blood, reducing the concentration. Negative feedback is also a crucial part of controlling blood glucose levels, for example if the islets of Langerhans detect a fall in blood glucose levels, the alpha cells release glucagon, which in turn activates the conversion of glycogen to glucose within cells so it can be released in to the blood. As the levels of glucose in the blood increase the amount of glucagon released will decrease until it reaches normal. Negative feedback is an essential process that helps regulate many of the processes that enable us to live.

Mary Queen of Scots essays

Mary Queen of Scots essays It can be argued that a member of individuals contributed to death of Mary Queen Scots; Elizabeth, her advisers, foreign powers and Mary herself. To what extent was Mary responsible for her own death? In 1567 Scotland rebelled against their Catholic Queen, Mary. She was imprisoned at Loch Leven castle where she remained until her escape in May 1568 when she fled to England. This was the action which triggered a series of events leading to her eventual execution on February 8th 1587. Before her arrival in England, Marys reputation had already been tarnished by allegations of her involvement in the murder of her husband, Lord Darnley. This, coupled with the fact that she was Elizabeths cousin and heir to the throne made her arrival potentially problematic. Her religion also posed a threat to Elizabeth. Catholics regarded Mary as the rightful Queen ( [we] accept her for the true and right Heir apparent of this Realm of England) and were ready to serve her. After taking these points into careful consideration the Privy Council advised Elizabeth to keep her as a prisoner until she could explain why she had previously claimed to be Queen of England and account for the death of Darnley. Elizabeth agreed and Mary was kept at various places such as Carlisle, Bolton and Sheffield. However, it was obvious that imprisonment could not be a long term solution and so Elizabeth and her government evaluated their alternatives carefully. Foreign powers and influences limited Elizabeths options; Mary could not be allowed to return to France because of the danger that she might raise support for her earlier claim to be Queen. She could not be sent back to Scotland, either, because any attempt Mary made reassert herself was doomed to failure and result in the Protestant Lords executing her. This effectively forced Elizabeth to allow Mary to remain in England either under imprisonment or as at citizen. ...

Profile of Manson Follower Leslie Van Houten

Profile of Manson Follower Leslie Van Houten At age 19, self-proclaimed Manson family member, Leslie Van Houten, took part in the 1969 brutal murders of Leon and Rosemary LaBianca. She was convicted of two counts of first-degree murder and one count of conspiracy to commit murder and sentenced to death. Because of an error in her first trial she was granted a second which deadlocked. After spending six months free on bond, she returned to the courtroom a third time and was convicted and sentenced to life. Leslie Van Houten - Before Manson Leslie was an attractive, popular teenager and sexually active by the age of 14. By age 15 she was pregnant and had an abortion, however, even with her sketchy behavior she was popular among her peers and was twice voted as homecoming queen at her high school. This acceptance did not seem to sway her bad choices. By the time she left high school she was involved in hallucinogenic drugs and was drifting toward a hippy type lifestyle. A Self-Proclaimed Nun After graduating from high school, Leslie moved in with her father and attended a business college. When she was not busy studying to become a legal secretary, she was busy being a nun in a yogic spiritual sect, The Self-Realization Fellowship. The community failed to keep her focus for long and at the age of 18 she decided to visit a friend living in San Francisco. Joining the Manson Family Van Houten liked the San Francisco streets where drugs flowed as free as the music and a free-love attitude was a popular life style. She met Bobby Beausoleil, his wife Gail and Catherine Share, and began traveling around California with them. In September 1968, they took her to meet Charlie Manson and the family at Spahns Movie Ranch, a 500-acre ranch, located in the Santa Susana Mountains. Three weeks later she moved to the ranch and became one of Mansons devout followers. Manson Gives Van Houten to Tex Watson: Later described by a psychiatrist as a spoiled little princess, Van Houten was accepted by the family members, but Manson seemed disinterested in her and her pretty face. He never gave her a special family name and immediately after her arrival he assigned her to be Tex Watsons girl. The lack of attention from Manson made Leslie try harder to get into his good graces. When the opportunity to prove her commitment to Manson arrived on August 10, 1969, she accepted. With her family idol, Patricia Krenwinkel, and boyfriend, Tex Watson, by her side, Van Houten entered the home of Leno and Rosemary LaBianco. She was aware that on the previous night family members had butchered Sharon Tate and four others. She listened the night before to the stories Krenwinkel told about the thrill she received as she stabbed the bound, pregnant Sharon Tate. Now it was Van Houtens chance to make Manson see her true commitment to him by performing equally horrific acts. The LaBianca Murders Inside the LaBianca home, Van Houten and Krenwinkel tied an electrical cord around the neck of 38-year-old Rosemary LaBianca. Rosemary, laying in the bedroom, could hear her husband, Leon, being murdered in the other room. When she began to panic, the two women put a pillow case over her head and Van Houten held her down as Tex and Krenwinkel took turns stabbing her. After the murder, Van Houten cleaned up traces of fingerprints, ate, changed clothes and hitched hiked to Spahns Ranch. Van Houten Implicates Charlie and the Family in Murder: The police raided Spahns Ranch on August 16, 1969, and Barker Ranch on October, 10 and Van Houten and many of the Manson family members were arrested. During interrogation, Van Houten told police about Susan Atkins and Patricia Krenwinkles involvement in the Tate murder. She also told authorities of Atkins involvement in the murder of music teacher, Gary Hinman, after a botched drug deal. Giggles and Chants Van Houten was eventually tried for her involvement in the murder of Rosemary LaBianco. She, Krenwinkel and Atkins made several attempts to disrupt court proceedings by chanting, yelling at the prosecutors and giggling during descriptive testimony about the Tate and LaBianco murders. Under Charlie Mansons directions, Van Houten repeatedly fired the public defenders who tried to separate her trial from those being tried for the Tate murders since she had not participated in the crimes. The Murder of Ronald Hughes: Toward the end of the trial, Van Houtens hippie lawyer Ronald Hughes, refused to allow Manson to manipulate his client by allowing her to implicate herself further in the murders to protect Manson. Soon after he made his objections known to the court, he vanished. Months later his body was found wedged between rocks in Ventura County. Later, some of the Manson Family admitted that family members were responsible for his murder, although no one has ever been arrested. Sentenced to Die The jury found Leslie Van Houten guilty of two counts of first-degree murder and one count of conspiracy to commit murder and she was sentenced to death. California outlawed the death penalty in 1972 and her sentence was commuted a life imprisonment. Van Houten was granted a second trial after it was determined that the judge in her previous case failed to call a mistrial after Hughes disappearance. The second trial began in January 1977 and ended in a deadlock nine months later and for six months Van Houten was out on bail. The Van Houten who appeared in the original murder trial and the one who appeared in the retrial was a different person. She had cut off all ties to Manson and publicly denounced him and his beliefs and accepted the reality of her crimes. Back to Jail for Good In March 1978 she returned to the courtroom for her third trial and this time she was found guilty and sentenced again to life imprisonment. Leslie Van Houtens Prison Days While in prison, Van Houten has been married and divorced, received a B.A. in English Literature, and is active in recovery groups in which she shared her experience, strength, and hope. She has been denied parole 14 times, but has said she will keep trying. As to her involvement in the horrific acts committed on that August evening in 1969 she chalks it up to LSD, mind control methods used by Charles Manson, and brain washing. Currently, she is at the California Institute for Women in Frontera, California. Source:Desert Shadows by Bob MurphyHelter Skelter by Vincent Bugliosi and Curt GentryThe Trial of Charles Manson by Bradley Steffens

Issues of virtualisation and their impact on computing approaches Dissertation

Issues of virtualisation and their impact on computing approaches - Dissertation Example An investigation of the key characteristics of the implementation of virtualisation and its usefulness for future computation Amrik Singh Samra BSc. ... anagement platform 19 Figure 4: Virtual machine structures (Type I on left, Type II on right) 19 Figure 5: Functions and responsibilities of the VMM 20 Figure 6: The protection rings in the x86 architecture 23 Figure 7: Diagrammatic representation of paravirtualization 28 Figure 8: Illustration of seamless virtualisation in VirtualBox 30 List of tables Table 1: Table of Risks 11 Table 2: Types of VM emulators, their key features and examples 20 Table 3: Levels of abstraction involved in virtualisation technologies 21 Table 4: Key advantages and drawbacks for each level of abstraction 21 Table 5: Comparison of virtualisation types in terms of performance and flexibility 29 Application virtualisation – â€Å"The process of running software from a remote server† (EC-Council, 2010) Break out attack – â€Å"A situation in which criminals will escape from a virtual machine designed for guests in order to launch attacks against the hypervisor, allowing them to gain con trol over the host† (Esforsys, 2009c). High Performance Computing (HPC) – The use of parallel processing for running advanced programs quickly, efficiently and reliably Hypervisor – This is like the kernel or core of a virtualisation platform, also called the Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) with access to the host’s physical hardware (VirtualisationAdmin, 2008). Network virtualisation – â€Å"A method of combining the available resources in a network by splitting up the available bandwidth into channels to particular servers or devices in real time† (EC-Council, 2010) Privileged Software Nucleus (PSN) - A miniature resident program in the operating system similar to a kernel (Exforsys, 2009) Run-Time System (RTS) – A piece of software designed to support the execution of a program Sandbox – The secure

Unit-4 Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit-4 Discussion - Research Paper Example e, teenagers start driving practice with a minimum age of 151/2, and during the practice, the teenager is expected to be in the company of 25 years and above adult. Responsibility as a driver is also instilled in New Hampshire by the law that states that young drivers can only transport a single passenger below 25 years at a time, but this change when the driver is in the company of an adult above 25 years. Another law against drinking and driving entail a fine of $500 towards a first offence (Chen, 2006). A second state, which has put restrictions that have helped in reducing teenage fatalities because of car accident, is Illinois. Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) Program in Illinois has been effective in that it has increased driving privileges for responsible and safe drivers while at the same time identified reckless and dangerous drivers. Through the program, driving restriction on teenagers who drive safely is loosened from one driving staged to another (Chen, 2006). Various studies have indicated that there is a correlation between GDL policies and reduction of car accidents caused by teenage drivers. In particular, GDL has led to reduction of accidents caused by 16-year-old teenage drivers (Chen,

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay Example for Free

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay Arthur Miller wrote a play called The Crucible in the early 50s. Even though the text in the play tells the story of some of The Salem Witch Trials, there is evidence which shows that Miller clearly connects his own communist trial by McCarthy to the outrageous trials of the witches. Due to this disgraceful act towards him from the powers within society, Miller decided to write a play to show his own perspective of 1950s society to the people of America. The setting of Act 3 can be interpreted as an attack on the severity of the authorities in Salem and 1950s America. Firstly, at the beginning of Act Three, the stage direction says two high windows. This stage direction is really used just for directors to have a good impression of what the stage should look like from Millers point of view. However, if you examine the whole stage directions carefully, it says that besides the sunlight, the whole room is dark and that the trials are being held in that room. This symbolises that the authorities of Salem are unjust because they believe that what they is doing is holy and just; but they are secretly hiding away from God. The darkness symbolised by the dark room and the light given off by the window, shows that God is present and that they cannot hide from him. The windows being high suggests that God and justice are very hard to reach. This shows that for authority in society to truly reach the holy and just state of existence that they desire, they still have a long way to go. This relates to Millers experience because he was trying to say that America in 1950s was just as corrupt as the witch trials in 1692, therefore saying that since 1692 until 1950 society hasnt moved on to be more fair or more just. Millers attack suggests that there is still a long way to go until society can be truly called fair. Secondly, the way Miller has set out some of the characters such as their language or their tone of voice is also an attack on society. I think this is due to the impressions given off by the characters that most people would usually interpret them as being good people, but Miller shows that they are not. One example is Judge Hathorne. On page sixty-seven he asks Martha how she knows that she is not a witch , this shows that he is trying to trick her in saying the things he wants her to. This shows us that for Hathorne to get what he wants he has to stoop down to a level of trickery, which is very low for a person of his status. This symbolises the fact that the authority are being hypocritical because they do what they are trying to rid society from doing sinful deeds. This point connects with the McCarthy trials of Miller because Judge McCarthy also had to stoop so low, by using threats. Miller had the choice of either naming names or get ruined. Thirdly, I believe that the way some of the people dress also shows how Miller attacks society. This is because Miller wanted us to know how power can corrupt us so he indicated all the sinful people by the clothes they wore and also their clothes showed us how much power they had. One example is again Judge Hathorne. I say this because in the courtroom Hathorne acts as he please due to his awareness that nobody in the court could overthrow him. Miller uses this to try and show the audience how power can cause people to act and abuse it, and even more so if it is supported by everyone in society agreeing with everything Hathorne had to say. Thus showing us that power can be used inefficiently if given to the wrong people. This is a link to Arthur Millers personal experience in the McCarthy trial because he believed that Judge McCarthy let his power get in the way of fairness and justice. The people of America supported McCarthy just like the people of Salem. In the play Miller exposes societys role in helping to condemn people by showing Parris supporting Hathorne. Miller shows that this fed Hathornes ego even more, and therefore Miller seemed to believe that McCarthy was an incompetent person because he abused his power just like Judge Hathorne. This is an attack on society because Miller is saying that society should be even more careful about giving so much power to someone who didnt deserve it. Also he encourages society to consider what they were doing before giving support to someone unworthy and boosting their ego. This courtroom scene presents innocent characters risking their lives in order to tell the truth seems to be an attack on the injustice of Salem as well as of 1950s America. We know this because there is much evidence in this scene to back the point up. One piece of evidence is the statement made by Hale on page seventy-eight where he says there is a prestigious fear in the court. This shows that Hale can see that some injustice is going on and is scared of it. Then when Hale tells Danforth that he is afraid, Danforth replies that there is a prestigious guilt instead and threatens him by asking him if he is afraid to be questioned. Later on Hathornes feeling of intimidation grows so that he becomes angry. This shows injustice and is linked back to my point at the beginning of the paragraph, because all Hale was doing was telling him what he thought was the truth. Danforth seemed like he was being pressurised so he had to use his power to intimidate and threaten Hale so that he could feel safe. This could be associated with Millers own experience because when authority in society in America in the 1950s felt threatened they had to use their influence and power to threaten and intimidate people. Just like when Miller was threatened and risked being ruined just for believing in something. Even though Miller could probably not harm anybody by himself, this is just like the threat Reverend Hale risked of being hanged just for exposing the fact that the court was an unjust one.

Revenge in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay examples -- Shakespeare Hamlet E

Revenge in Shakespeare's Hamlet In Hamlet, Shakespeare uses revenge as a major theme present throughout the work. Revenge plays a crucial role in the development of Fortinbras, Prince of Norway, Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, and Laertes, son of Polonius. All three men seek revenge for the murder of their fathers. Revenge can be interpreted as a separate character in Hamlet. Revenge is set to overcome anyone who seeks it. Initially, after each of the murders, every son had a definite course of action to obtain vengeance. Or in Hamlet's case the choice was to seek no vengeance. As the play unfolds, each young man approaches the desire for revenge and chooses a different path towards gaining it based on the guidance of another character in the play. Fortinbras' good decisions and self-control, as well as, Hamlet and Laertes' bad decisions can be attributed to the outside guidance they receive. Fortinbras, son of the slain King of Norway, is the first to seek revenge. Although King Hamlet, the now deceased King of Denmark, held sole responsibility for the death of King Fortinbras, young Prince Fortinbras seeks vengeance toward the entire country of Denmark. Horatio, a friend of Hamlet?s, said, ?As it doth well appear unto our state, but to recover of us by strong hand and terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands so by his father lost (I.i.101-104). By this, Horatio is saying Fortinbras plans to forcefully regain the land King Hamlet took from King Fortinbras. Fortunately, King Claudius, the new King of Denmark, intervenes and sends two courtiers, Cornelius and Voltemand, to Norway in hopes of convincing the new King of Norway, Fortinbras? uncle, to prevent the attack. Upon hearing the message, Fortinbras? uncle vetoes Fortinbras? plan to wage war on Denmark. However, he encourages Fortinbras ?to employ his anger, against the Polack? in order to vent his rage (II.ii.74-75). After taking the advice of his uncle, Fortinbras additionally ?makes vow before his uncle never more to have th? assay of arms against your majesty,? (II.ii.70-71). This intervention could be what saves Fortinbras? life. With the counseling of his uncle, Fortinbras is able to put aside his longing to settle the score for his father?s murder. In the end, he is greatly rewarded. Because of his persistent doubt of whether Claudius did, in fact, kill his father Hamlet defers making pla... ...events leading to the success of Fortinbras and the failure of Hamlet and Laertes was initiated by a command from someone close to them. King Claudius had an ulterior motive of saving his land, yet by telling Fortinbras? uncle of Fortinbras? plan to attack Denmark his uncle was able to deter his nephew?s anger. By choosing not to attack Denmark Fortinbras was able to avoid harm?s way. The ghost of Hamlet?s father caused Hamlet?s death by advising Hamlet to seek revenge. Before his encounter with his father Hamlet did not want any part in the act of revenge. In attempt to pursue his father?s wishes Hamlet kills Polonius, which causes his death. When Laertes listens to King Claudius he brings death upon both of them. Laertes did not think his sword would be used against him. In the end, the men?s fate was determined not only by their own feelings, but by the actions taken under the command of another person. For Hamlet and Laertes successful revenge led them to death. The guidance he received, as well as, inner strength surmounted Fortinbras? need for revenge and led him to happiness. Works Cited: Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Cyrus Hoy. 2nd ed. New York: Norton, 1992.

Abuse Assessment screen Essay

Given Ms. Li’s ethnicity, she might appear reserved, avoid eye contact, stoic, and will not ask many questions. Her willingness to answer and ask questions may differ if she is second or third generation in America. I would be mindful of her personal space, reassure her privacy, and use motivational interviewing to obtain vital information. I would avoid complicated terminology and use language according to her education level. I would also be very careful of any signs and symptoms of possible suicide ideation and remind her that whatever happened is not her fault. There might also be a tendency to give yes or no replies. It is best to ask open ended questions. The Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) â€Å"is a multiple-item questionnaire that asks about past and current emotional, sexual, and physical abuse, both prior to and during pregnancy. The questions assess the severity and frequency of injury and abuse. The form is included in all medical charts prepared for new prenatal care patients at their first visit to a clinic or emergency room† (National Institute of Justice, 2014). If abuse is discovered, the nurse must ensure patient safety (remove any items that may cause harm, complete diagnostic tests PRN, and provide a safe milieu), document well, report to authorities, refer patient to a counselor for further psychiatric evaluation, and work with interdisciplinary staff to ensure patient has a safe place to be discharged to (i.e. women’s domestic abuse shelter), has access to support groups, and other needs she might have if she cannot return home. If the patient refuses to leave the abuser, the only thing left to do is to provide education regarding how to identify the abusers red flags, identify safe areas of the house, and create a code word that can be  used as a signal to others that she is in danger (Help Guide, 2014). We can also provide resources (crisis hotline, women shelter locations, support groups, legal aid, etc.), and create an emergency plan. The emergency plan would consist of having an escape route, emergency phone and contacts, gas in a vehicle that is not in a blocked location, emergency cash, packed clothing and essentials, hidden spare keys, and practice escaping safely (Help Guide, 2014). References: National Institute of Justice (2014). The Abuse Assessment. Program Profile. Retrieved from crimessolutions.gov Help Guide (2014). Help for Abused and Battered Women. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/help-for-abused-and-battered-women.htm

Chapter 9 Psychology Notes

Chapter 9 Psychology Thinking? Cognition: All mental activities associated with processing understanding and communicating Concept: A mental grouping of similar object events and people Prototype: mental imagine that incorporate all the features that we associate with the concept How do we solve problems? Algorithms: Step by step procedure that guarantees a solution. How does it work? Heuristics: Quicker, more efficient but more prone to error. â€Å"Rule of Thumb† Strategy Insight: When you have a sudden flash of inspiration. Johnny Appleton and construction workers.Obstacles to Problem Solving Confirmation Bias: When we search for information that confirms our beliefs Fixation: Inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective Functional Fixedness: When we perceive the function of object as fixed and unchanging. Thinking is also affected by Overconfidence: Our tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our knowledge and judgment Framing: The way an issue is presented Belief Perseverance: Our Inclination to hold on to over belifeinspite of evidence that contradicts them. Language Our spoken written, or gestured words and the way we combine them.How do we acquire it? Babble at 4 months Distinct babbling at 10 months 1 year 1 word sentence Two year say two word sentences. Girls babble before boys, and say sentence before boys too and follows into Elementary school. Three Theories of Language Development Skinner: believes we talk because of Association. Imitation, Reinforcement Chomsky: believes we are pre-wired for language with a LAD (Language Acquisition Device) Whorf: Linguistic Determinism different languages impose difference realities Animal Intelligence Do animals think? They can solve problems and make tools. Read Renal System Physiology PhysioexDo animals have language? They can learn human sign language and communicate with each other. Hunger Hunger pangs Blood sugar drops Release of hormone orexin Hunger may affect -Thinking -Mood -Behavior Set Point – the point at which out weight is set Basal Metabolic Rate – the rate at which your body expends energy to maintain basic body functions Sexual Orientations Long term enduring sexual attraction to the same sex 3-4% of men are homosexual 1-2% of women are homosexual LeVays’s Research – Measured a cluster of cells in brains to determine their sexual orientation.

Free Essays on Sociolgy

pop into my head? I compiled a list of a few things that I would expect to find at Smith College based on my ideas about class. These included such things as prestige, comfort, space, attention, power, money, inf... Free Essays on Sociolgy Free Essays on Sociolgy We have all heard the phrase â€Å"money talks†. Have you ever wondered what it said? Well that all depends on how much of it you have, and where you plan on spending it. Money has a language that is translated through power and inequality. It is the transporter of goods and services, of knowledge and identity. It weaves its way through a system that bypasses some and leaves others with a hefty share. As it grows and divides, money finds itself entangled in everything, replacing morality with greed. It gets stronger and stronger, evolving into institutions, embedding itself in the brains of all that inhabit its world. For those who have been touched by the golden hands of prosperity, money provides shelter, a cloak of being that distinguishes them from the less fortunate. In order to keep the hierarchy stable, certain conditions are established, one of which is education. Here, the formal breeding ground of society is constructed in such a way that certain values are emphasiz ed amongst the various groups. These values will result in future status, career paths, and ability to succeed. This unique economic institution called education serves two very distinct purposes, to turn individuals into capital investments, and to perpetuate social class. In this paper, I will contrast Smith College and the University Of Massachusetts, and discuss the ways in which cultural and socio-economic class is exemplified in higher education. First of all, it is important to understand the many dimensions of class. When evaluating the dynamics of a school that is supposed to represent a higher class, we must first know what to look for. What are the social markers that indicate class in education? When I think of upper class, what types of words pop into my head? I compiled a list of a few things that I would expect to find at Smith College based on my ideas about class. These included such things as prestige, comfort, space, attention, power, money, inf...

The Agents of Erosion

The Agents of Erosion The process known as weathering breaks up rocks so that they can be carried away by the process known as erosion. Water, wind, ice, and waves are the agents of erosion that wear away at the surface of the Earth. Water Erosion Water is the most important erosional agent and erodes most commonly as running water in streams. However, water in all its forms is erosional. Raindrops (especially in dry environments) create splash erosion that moves tiny particles of soil. Water collecting on the surface of the soil collects as it moves towards tiny rivulets and streams and creates sheet erosion. In streams, water is a very powerful erosional agent. The faster water moves in streams the larger objects it can pick up and transport. This is known as critical erosion velocity. Fine sand can be moved by streams flowing as slowly as three-quarters of a mile per hour. Streams erode their banks in three different ways: 1) the hydraulic action of the water itself moves the sediments, 2) water acts to corrode sediments by removing ions and dissolving them, and 3) particles in the water strike bedrock and erode it. The water of streams can erode in three different places: 1) lateral erosion erodes the sediment on the sides of the stream channel, 2) down cutting erodes the stream bed deeper, and 3) headward erosion erodes the channel upslope. Wind Erosion Erosion by wind is known as aeolian (or eolian) erosion (named after Aeolus, the Greek god of winds) and occurs almost always in deserts. Aeolian erosion of sand in the desert is partially responsible for the formation of sand dunes. The power of the wind erodes rock and sand. Ice Erosion The erosive power of moving ice is actually a bit greater than the power of water but since water is much more common, it is responsible for a greater amount of erosion on the earths surface. Glaciers can perform erosive functions - they pluck and abrade. Plucking takes place by water entering cracks under the glacier, freezing, and breaking off pieces of rock that are then transported by the glacier. Abrasion cuts into the rock under the glacier, scooping rock up like a bulldozer and smoothing and polishing the rock surface. Wave Erosion Waves in oceans and other large bodies of water produce coastal erosion. The power of oceanic waves is awesome, large storm waves can produce 2000 pounds of pressure per square foot. The pure energy of waves along with the chemical content of the water is what erodes the rock of the coastline. Erosion of sand is much easier for the waves and sometimes, theres an annual cycle where sand is removed from a beach during one season, only to be returned by waves in another.

Final Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Final Exam - Assignment Example This is a literary term that was coined from the poem of Rudyard Kipling that satirically described the presumed responsibility of white people to govern and impart their culture to nonwhite people; this concept was often advanced as a justification for European colonialism and imperialism (Easterly 130). After the World War I, there was significant level of disillusionment to the population from the ravaged economy and unfavorable socio-political environment which was more detrimental to youths. Post World War I political strategists created fascism as a tool that would help them consolidate power by appearing to promote the young people who happen to be critical in determine various socio-economic and political behaviors in the country. Benito Mussolini and Hitler promised youth employment and also championed for more freedom to the youth from the traditional overprotective parental control (Aronson 157-9). These factors considerably attracted the youth to fascism in 1920s and 1930s in Europe. The geopolitics of the world changed significantly after World War II in the following ways; United States became the superpower with significant presence in capitalist allies in Europe like in Britain. Russia remained a communist champion and strengthened their influence in Asian economies like china, Japan among others. United States extended its grip on the politics of Middle East and influenced socio-economic and political agenda amidst strong opposition from the Muslim dominated Arab world like Iran, Iraq among others (Dima 74-9). There is increasing improvement in healthcare and this reflects increased population into the future. There is a possibility of skewed demographics with a larger percentage of older generation and female children due to governments’ campaign for controlled birth for regulation of population. This indicates that the future demographic structure will shift

The concept of sky credit card Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The concept of sky credit card - Essay Example From the research it can be comprehended that aggressive marketing and easy availability of credit cards has resulted in credit cards being used to finance consumer purchases as a way of life. Research suggests that socialization as a consumer begins in infancy with children making their first purchase at the average age of eight years. There has been a change in attitude towards credit card which implies that consumers are more willing to use credit to finance their consumption. The widespread us of credit cards reflects the consumer preference for using credit cards and technological advancements have made it possible for the creditors to offer revolving credit. The credit card has allowed for convenience in purchasing but still one needs to go to the shops and cash machines to use the credit card. For the first time, Sky TV and Barclays have joined hands to introduce an interactive credit card known as Sky Credit Card which offers the convenience to make purchases right from the c omfort of the living room through the television. The users will be able to place the SkyCard in the second slot of their set-top boxes and through the remote control they can manage their accounts and make purchases. The attitude-behavior relationship in consumer finance differs from that in social settings. The consumers may have favorable attitudes towards borrowing but having low incomes poor credit history may impose constraints on the level of credit that they would like to enjoy.

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

English - Essay Example Things are not going smoothly and there are two areas which they have to work on. The first is a problem with honesty, because they are hiding things from each other. The second area is communication, because they are not very good at talking about their problems. They were not honest with each other from the beginning regarding their feelings about each other. When they got a chance at the end they cleared out all their differences and it is obvious that they are not going to continue with each other. In the beginning it is Frances who takes the lead. She confesses that she wants to spend the day with her husband alone â€Å"I have an idea, Frances said. â€Å"My wife has an idea. That pretty girl.† â€Å"Let’s not see anybody all day†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (lines 38-39) Frances is being very honest in saying exactly what she wants from her husband. The way that Michael responds is quite negative. By showing surprise at her idea, and referring to her pretty appearance, he is making himself look smart, and suggesting that pretty girls don’t normally have ideas. This is an arrogant attitude, and it shows that he does not value her very much, except for her appearance, which he likes to look at. The conversation continues but Frances becomes annoyed when Michael looks at all the pretty girls and women in the street. She wants only to be with him. He seems to want all the girls in the street. They are both aware of this difference and Michael does not think it is a problem. He admits that he looks at women but claims that he looks at â€Å"only pretty ones† (line 85) Frances believes that he looks at â€Å"every damn woman in the City of New York† (Line 81-82) This conversation reveals that they have not been honest with each other in their relationship so far. Frances realizes that Michael has probably been with other women, and will probably be with many more, and she forces him to be very clear about what he feels for all these women he looks at. When he admits that â€Å"Sometimes I feel I would like to be free† (p. 239) he is being honest, but this is not what Frances wants to hear. In the end they give up trying to be so honest with each other. Frances asks her husband to â€Å"stop talking about how pretty this woman is, or that one†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (line 267-268) which means that she wants him to hide what he is feeling and just pretend to be faithful. When they return to their plan to spend time with the Stevensons, this is a metaphor for their return to a life where they present a false picture of themselves to the world. Their real feelings are hidden, and their relationship looks like it is going to fail because of this. The story is interesting because it presents a difficult problem and shows that sometimes people look at such a problem and then turn away from it again because they do not have the strength to face up to it. In life honesty is a very good approach for most things, but in love rel ationships sometimes it can cause a lot of pain. For example if I tell someone at a party that his or her hair looks terrible, this may be the truth, but it is not a kind thing to say. Every person is different, and when we become close friends with someone, we have to make compromises. This is especially true for marriage . I hope I would never be in a relationship like the one in the story and I think that this story reminds me to be very clear at the start of a relationship about what each person really wants. Reference

Application of Marketing Theories to Practice

Application of Marketing Theories to Practice Introduction This report shows the different field of businesses and the methods that our company was using in SimVenture comparing with theories. Marketing and Sales Our companys main marketing tool was advertising but we were using different like direct marketing, exhibitions and our website. However, digital marketing is limited only to website in the game, although this is getting more popular these days (Pittsburgh Post-Gazzette, 2006). Digital marketing defined by Jobber, 2007: The application of digital technologies that form channels to market (the Internet, mobile communications, interactive television and wireless) to achieve corporate goal through meeting and exceeding customer need better than the competition. Digital marketing is almost completely missing from the game, it is only limited to website. Network theory studies relationships of all sorts, whether between people, animals or things. Social network analysis is an overlapping tool for learning about patterns that develop within social networks and how they influence behaviour. Digital marketing channels such as Facebook, Twitter, Foursquare and Instagram are useful in this reg ard, as they allow marketers to listen to what consumers are saying, and they allow marketers to leverage the power of influential users to spread messages throughout their networks (Harvard Business Review, 2006.). Generational marketing theory holds that consumers born of the same generation defined as a 20-year period have common attitudes and behaviours because of shared experiences that influenced their childhoods and shaped their views of the world. The relevance of generational theory to digital marketing is primarily in the ways in which each generation communicates and the online places where marketers can reach them (Zickuhr, 2010.). The customer research in the game is only limited to where the customers heard about but nothing who they are (age, gender, education, etc.). All in all the game had good opportunities in traditional marketing channels like direct marketing and advertisement but digital marketing part is really limited which makes it less realistic. Operations Efficient operations management is a key element to make a company successful. Without supply network a company cannot exist. A supply network perspective means setting an operation in the context of all the other operations with which it interact some of which are its suppliers and its customers. Materials, parts, other information, ideas and network of customer-supplier relationships formed by all these operations (Slack, Chambers, Johnston, 2004.). The supply network view can also help in decision making about the design. The design activity in operations has one overriding objective: to provide products, services and processes which will satisfy the operations customers. During the game our company used Just in time method for the production because if there was more order then our organisation was able to produce then we contracted some out when it was financially possible. Furthermore, in the meanwhile of last year in the game, all of our production was contracted out because t he four employees werent enough to build the product and to handle other task that were essential to run the company at the same time. High dependency theory is one of the explanation of the Just in Time approach to operations management. With high inventories insulating each stage in the production process, the dependency of the stages on one another was low. Take away the inventory and heir mutual dependency increases. The Just in Time practice of empowering shopfloor staff makes the organisation dependent on their actions (Slack, Chambers, Johnston, 2004.). However, this theory perfectly suits with SimVenture, thus it is realistically show the opportunities and limitations of Just in Time delivery and production because in the first year when financially it was not a possibility to contract out some of the production we bumped into some limitations according to the Just in Time manufacture technique. Finance All investments carry with them some degree of risk. In the financial world, individuals, professional money managers, financial institutions, and many others encounter and must deal with risk. Investors can either accept or try to mitigate the risk in investment decision-making (Baker Filbeck, 2015.). However, the game is limited to only two choice of grants and family and bank loans. Decision parameters are: amount, period, interest rate. The game also offers an opportunity to set bank overdraft which can be really useful especially in the beginning of the game when the company has to buy the products component and has to wait until the clients paying. The payback period can be up to 3 months. According to Deakins and Freel (2009) our companys stage of finance is at young stage, due to we paid back our only  £3000 loan from friends and family, although the company is owed 100% by the founders. Business angels capital, internet crowd funding Michael Jensen and William Meckling, in ‘Theory of the firm: management behavior, agency costs and ownership structure’ (1976), note that ‘agency costs arise in any situation involving cooperative effort’ and that, as the firm is essentially ‘a nexus for a set of contracting relationships among individuals’, agency problems are endemic to it. Their analysis focuses on how agency problems can help to explain such questions as: The degree to which a firm is financed by debt or equity; Why firms in some industries are usually owner-operated; Why firms would voluntarily supply shareholders and lenders with accounting reports and have them independently audited. The last point is of most interest for our purposes. Essentially, firms will voluntarily provide shareholders and lenders with independently audited accounting reports because this reduces the monitoring costs associated with contractual relationships with these parties. In the game there is opportunity to make the finance reports in house or to ask an agency to do it for extra costs per each months. Setting up the right price for the product is a key element for running a successful company. Our gross profit per unit is 43% of the whole price which is around average in this industry (Stefan, 2015.). Organisation and growth SimVenture is a game which is run on a managerialist philosophy not an enterprising one (Grant, 2015.). Theories of the small business life cycle have been heavily criticised in recent years for being reductionist and ‘speculatively normative’, relying on formalistic, deductive approaches rather than inductive heuristic methods (Gibb and Davies, 1990). In particular, it is the ‘deterministic assumption that all firms grow through a series of predictable series of preordained stages’ (Merz et al, 1994; p49). Small business growth is characterised by a number of predictable, discrete and consistent stages (Churchill and Lewis, 1983; Hanks et al., 1994; Kazanjian, 1988; Steinmetz, 1969). These stages are sequential in nature and occur as a hierarchical progression not easily reversed (Dodge and Robbins, 1992; Quinn and Cameron, 1983). An important aspect of theorising on the organisational life cycle is that many stage models of small business growth can be con ceptualised as ‘metamorphosis’ models (dAmboise and Muldowney, 1988; Kazanjian, 1988), where the fundamental transition from one stage of growth to another requires considerable change. However, in SimVenture when the firm moved to a bigger office and purchased new equipment for the company the efficiency of the company have been developed to a higher level that also meant that the company is growing. The life cycle literature emphasises that such periodic crises have an important role to play in the development of both the organisation and the individual. (Dodge and Robbins, 1992.). Hiring more employees and train them to be professional in different business fields is also a great method to rise the organisation to a higher level. Upon interpretation, it seems that entrepreneurs have to develop new behaviours and learn to think in radically different ways as a result of managing developmental crises (Greiner, 1972). As Greiner (1972) states, ‘these periods of te nsion provide the pressure, ideas, and awareness that afford a platform for change and the introduction of new practices’ . From this viewpoint, a key assumption behind life cycle theorising is that for a small business to grow, the owner-manager must adapt and modify their perceptions and actions as a result of these discontinuous events in order to facilitate organisational growth. For instance, in the game when the company was financially able to advertise not only in printed media but use the more expensive although more efficient TV and Radio as a marketing channel, the number of orders rising exponentially. That caused profit and sales growth which helped to increment the firm to a higher level as it displayed in the Figure 1.1 below. Figure 1.1 Even though such statements indicate a fundamental process of personal learning and development on behalf of the owner-manager, most life cycle theorists do not address this issue in any significant depth. On the other hand, there are opportunities for training and learning for the owner as well, and it is also developing the skills during the game. The important point to draw from this significant recognition is that learning to become an effective small business owner is not always simple, or inevitable for that matter (Burns and Harrison, 1989). Leadership Entrepreneurs and small business owners are very different because entrepreneurship can be distinguished from small business ownership by a venture strategy oriented toward growth and innovation (Grant, 2015.). Using Team Role theory the word ‘shape’ indicates to us ‘shaper’, whilst the word ‘vision’ implies ‘plant’. Looking at leadership using Handy’s definition is interesting for vision is certainly important to leadership, but does it have to be unique to an individual? Where it is unique to an individual with a drive to enact it such as a ‘Shaper’, strong Solo leadership is likely to prevail. Vision alternatively may be ‘borrowed’ by a ‘Shaper’ who treats it as a product of the self and similarly will adopt a Solo leadership style. Many organisations have rewarded Solo leadership behaviour by promoting individuals to management and leadership positions, for such individuals have met past organisational needs (Handy, 1992.).

Anthrax and Bioterrorism :: Biological Terrorism Terrorist Homeland Security

Bioterrorism, in the last decade, has become a real threat to the world. Since the anthrax attacks on American soil in 2001, the world has become aware of the potential risk of an anthrax attack. Anthrax is the disease caused by the Bacillus anthracis bacteria. Ever since early history, anthrax has occurred in livestock animals and in humans. The bacteria prevent the macrophages from communicating with the rest of the body. Thus, the body cannot fend of anthrax and slowly organs begin to deteriorate. However, a series of antibiotics and vaccinations are available in case of an exposure to anthrax. Bacillus anthracis, or anthrax, has recently become a greatly feared pandemic. The breakout of anthrax on American soil in October of 2001 opened the world's eyes to the possibilities of bioterrorism of anthrax. Since then, government associations, such as the CDC and EPA, have taken precautions in case of another bioterrorist attack, particularly an anthrax attack. The history of anthrax dates back to biblical times in ancient Egypt (Anthrax Info 1). In 16th Century B.C., the Israelites were under the control of powerful Ramses II. According to Bible, a series of plagues fell upon Egypt in attempt to free the Israelites. One of these plagues involved the death of the cattle, sheep, and goats. Many historians believed the cause of death was due to anthrax inhalation. The first non-livestock case of anthrax occurred in the early 19th Century (Anthrax Info 4). After coming into contact with anthrax infected animals, many farmers were cutaneously inoculated with anthrax. This outbreak sparked the scientific research of anthrax. 2 Written documentation of anthrax began with Robert Koch's discovery of the bacteria that caused anthrax. Koch performed experiments that explained the attributes of anthrax. Using the spleens of anthrax infected animals, Koch inoculated mice (Elsevier 3). The mice later died and Koch concluded that anthrax could be transferred through the bloodstream. Koch also grew Bacillus anthracis in a culture to further his research. During the incubation process, Koch noticed that the bacteria formed spores when faced with a harsh environment (Elsevier 4). He later discovered that such spores could still cause the anthrax disease. Because of his revolutionary findings, Koch is credited with discovery of anthrax. Using Koch’s discoveries, 20th Century scientists began developing weaponized anthrax. Due to the spores’ durability, anthrax has been a very favorable biological weapon. The first incident of weaponized anthrax was recorded during the First World War.

Memory Essay

Autobiographic memories are known to be frequently inaccurate. In fact, when a person recalls the past, the images of real events are intermingled with events that either never occurred or are distorted so severely that there is little opportunity to recognize the true happenings in them. This occurs because of the operation of certain principles of memory that render exact memories difficult and almost unrealistic. These principles include schemas and mechanisms of interference explaining why memories can often be inaccurate and misleading. Schemas Schemas directly affect human perception of the outer world, other people. They are even more significant in the conceptualization of what one is and what one believes oneself to be. A person operating on a schema has a distinct perception of one’s own self that fits into a framework pre-specified in the schema. This framework includes a variety of attributes directly related to the life of an individual. An elderly woman could see her life as one of a devoted Christian. In such a case, she can be willing to shove away the memories that do not demonstrate such a trend in her life. Thus, she may be willing to repress memories of youthful fun that do not fit into her current beliefs and attitudes so that she could feel more comfortable about her past. This can occur not because of intended self-deception, but because of the stated schema that operates at the subconscious level. A man whose schema is that of a courageous hero will live the life based on this schema. In this case, he will tend to repress memories of his childhood episodes in which he acted as a coward or a villain, in his own current perception. Such incidents will not fit into his schema and thus are repressed as conflicting. The schema in this way governs not only what occurs in the present, but also memories of the past. Interference Interference is another powerful influence on the mechanisms of memory that makes remembrance of the past often inaccurate. It occurs because a human mind cannot store infinite amounts of information. When new information comes in, it may interfere with the older layers. Interference falls into two types: proactive interference and retroactive interference. The first kind occurs when â€Å"an older memory interferes with remembering a newer memory† (Borree, 2002). This is especially relevant to the successive study of several foreign languages when the knowledge of the previously studied language can interfere with the knowledge of the current one. Retroactive interference, in contrast, occurs when â€Å"newer memories interfere with older ones† (Borree, 2002). The latter type is more relevant to the exploration of autobiographic memory inaccuracy. When the current information conflicts with older layers, it can take precedence over them. A person who has achieved high socioeconomic status in the present may inaccurately believe that his past was also more glorious than it really was. A common occurrence is to see the harsh treatment from parents as intolerable abuse when one is consistently told, for instance, in a therapy course, that he or she was the victim of abuse. Evidence shows that â€Å"some of the people who remembered terrible things like being abused as children were discovered to have created these memories under pressure from their therapists† (Borree, 2002). When people in society are continuously being told about abuse in families, they tend to see their past in the same light, inventing instances of abuse even where they were not present. This represents a case of interference where the past interferes with the present. Repression Repression is a term that was introduced by Sigmund Freud, the psychologist who invented the psychoanalysis theory. According to him, memories can be repressed if they are too painful or disagreeable to people. Humans tend to â€Å"push painful memories out of our awareness and into a deep, dark place called â€Å"the unconscious mind† (Borree, 2002). This mechanism, too, can explain how memories are stored in places from which they are never retrieved. This distorts the real picture of the past events. Manipulation Many people with susceptible psyche can fall prey to conscious manipulation that leads to the change in their memories post factum. A skilful person using hypnosis can put them in this state. Manipulation can be used in a less conspicuous manner – through the use of specific language, for instance. The lawyer in court who uses the word â€Å"tragedy† to describe the misfortunes of the victim will force the victim to believe that he or she has indeed been through a terrible tragedy. Conclusion Distortions of events in autobiographic memory can arise for a number of reasons. Schemas, interference, repression and manipulation are just a few mechanisms that can affect human memories. In each case, the result is the distorted perception of the past reality which is influenced by the current cognitive state of the individual. Reference Boeree, C.G. (2002). Memory. Retrieved August 2, 2006, from http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/memory.html                     

Relationship Diagram (ERD) for the following scenario Essay

A salesperson may manage many other salespeople. A salesperson is managed by only one salespeople. A salesperson can be an agent for many customers. A customer is managed by one salespeople. A customer can place many orders. An order can be placed by one customer. An order lists many inventory items. When the order is made for number of inventory items, the date and the amount is recorded. An inventory item may be listed on many orders. An inventory item is assembled from many parts. A part may be assembled into many inventory items. Many employees assemble an inventory item from many parts. While the employee assemble, if any fault, it is identified with fault-log-id, fault-log-name. A supplier supplies many parts. A part may be supplied by many suppliers. Draw the Entity- Relationship Diagram (ERD) for the following scenario: UPS prides itself on having up-to-date information on the processing and current location of each shipped item. To do this, UPS relies on a company-wide information system. Shipped items are the heart of the UPS product tracking information system. Shipped items can be characterized by item number (unique), weight, dimensions, insurance amount, destination, and final delivery date. Shipped items are received into the UPS system at a single retail center. Retail centers are characterized by their type, uniqueID, and address. Shipped items make their way to their destination via one or more standard UPS transportation events (i.e., flights, truck deliveries) . These transportation events are characterized by a unique scheduleNumber, a type (e.g, flight, truck), and a deliveryRoute. Please create an Entity Relationship diagram that captures this information about the UPS system. Be certain to indicate identifiers and cardinality constraints. Draw the Entity- Relationship Diagram (ERD) for the following scenario: The company is organized into DEPARTMENTs. Each department has a name, number and an employee who manages the department. We keep track of the start date of the department manager. A department may have several locations. Each department Controls a number of PROJECTs. Each project has a unique name, unique number and is located at a single location. We store each EMPLOYEE’s social security number, address, salary, sex, and birthdate. Each employee works for one department but may work on several projects. We keep track of the number of hours per week that an employee currently works on each project. We also keep track of the direct supervisor of each employee. Each employee may have a number of DEPENDENTs For each dependent, we keep track of their name, sex, birthdate, and relationship to the employee. Draw the Entity- Relationship Diagram (ERD) for the following scenario: A Bus Company owns a number of busses. Each bus is allocated to a particular route, although some routes may have several busses. Each route passes through a number of towns. One or more drivers are allocated to each stage of a route, which corresponds to a journey through some or all of the towns on a route. Some of the towns have a garage where busses are kept and each of the busses are identified by the registration number and can carry different numbers of passengers, since the vehicles vary in size and can be single or double-decked. Each route is identified by a route number and information is available on the average number of passengers carried per day for each route. Drivers have an employee number, name, address, and sometimes a telephone number. Draw the Entity- Relationship Diagram (ERD) for the following scenario: A lecturer, identified by his or her number, name and room number, is responsible for organising a number of course modules. Each module has a unique code and also a name and each module can involve a number of lecturers who deliver part of it. A module is composed of a series of lectures and because of economic constraints and common sense, sometimes lecture son a given topic can be part of more than one module. A lecture has  a time, room and dateand is delivered by a lecturer and a lecturer may deliver more than one lecture. Students, identified by number and name, can attend lectures and a student must be registered for a number of modules. We also store the date on which the student first registered for that module. Finally, a lecturer acts as a tutor for a number of students and each student has only one tutor.†